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@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +[\<- State machine concepts](18.md) + +--- + +# Multiple control outputs + +## Background on register swap problem + +### Datapath and control + +- We've learned about muxes and registers as datapath elements +- Mux selects and load enables are control signals that determine how datapath is used +- If these control signals need to be sequenced across multiple cycles, a state machine is the typical way to do this + +### Example 2: Register Swap + +- Swap the contents of R1 and R2 +- Can't be done in a single cycle +- Use R3 as temporary holding register + +![diagram](19.1.png) + +### Another view of the datapath + +- To make the control signals more clear + +![diagram](19.2.png) + +--- + +## State diagram + +### Sequence + +- Since there's a single bus, can only copy/move one value at a time + - Copy the value in R2 into R3 + - Select R2 to drive the bus and assert R3's enable + - Copy the value in R1 into R2 + - Select R1 to drive the bus and assert R2's enable + - Copy the value in R3 into R1 + - Select R3 to drive the bus and assert R1's enable +- Each of these steps is a different state in a state machine + +![diagram](19.3.png) + +--- + +## State table and implementation + +### State Table & Assignment + +![diagram](19.4.png) + +### Visually deriving equations + +- Y2 = (stateB) + (stateC) + - `= !y2*y2 + y2*!y1 = y2^y1` +- Y1 = w\*(stateA) + (stateC) + - `= w*!y2*!y1 + y2*!y1` + +### K-maps for Next State + +![diagram](19.5.png) + +### Implementation + +![diagram](19.6.png) |