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authorloshprung <lshprung@scu.edu>2020-02-24 11:32:29 -0800
committerloshprung <lshprung@scu.edu>2020-02-24 11:32:29 -0800
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+[\<- Notes 02/14](02-14.md)
+
+---
+
+# Recursion Continued
+
+- Recursion
+ - Tiny Code
+ - No Loops
+ - Condition to Stop (otherwise it will go forever)
+ - For more, see page 353-355 in textbook
+
+---
+
+# Multi-Threading
+
+## Process
+
+- A process, in the simplest terms, is an executing program
+- A process can contain multiple threads
+
+## Threads
+
+- Threads are lightweight processes
+- Each process can execute several threads
+ - The threads execute **independently**
+ - Threads **share** the global variables and OS resources
+ - Each thread has its **own stack** and follow its **own execution flow**
+
+- In practice
+ - Main program creates threads
+ - By specifying an entry point function and an argument
+ - The main program and each created thread run independently
+ - They share global variables
+ - They do not share local variables
+
+- Example of functions to handle threads
+ - Creation
+ - Exit
+ - Cancellation
+ - Synchronization
+
+- Example:
+ - Alternating Threads
+ - Creates 3 threads
+ - Let the system execute them in a round-robin fashion
+ - Wait for them to finish at main
+
+```
+int main(){
+ int i;
+
+ for(i = 0; i < 3; i++){
+ //create thread to execute function loop() with parameter i
+ }
+
+ //wait for each thread to finish
+}
+
+void loop(int n){
+ int i;
+
+ for(i = 0; i < 20; i++){
+ printf("Thread %d\n", n);
+ sleep(1);
+ }
+}
+```
+
+- Need synchronization
+- Solution:
+ - Lock
+ - Conditional Variables
+ - Semaphores